Air-compressor.



No. 819,924. PATENTED MAY 8, 1906.

W. REAVELL. AIR GOMPBE'SSOR.

APPLICATION FILED $513.6, 1904.

F] a SHEETS-SHEET 1 PATBNTED MAY 8, 1906.

W. REAVELL.

AIR COMPRESSOR.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.6,1904.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2 No. 819,924. PATBNTED MAY 8, 1906.

' W. REAVELL.

AIR COMPRESSOR. APPLIOATION mnn FEB.6,1904.

bu i SEDiSrarns rerrnn'r enrich-.1

WILLIAM REAVELL, or. irswicn, ENGLAND.

' AIR-COMPRESSOR.

Specification of Letters Patent. I

Patented May 8, 1906.

Application filed February @1904. Serial No. 192,423.

have invented certain new and useful Tin provernents-heir-Compressors, of which the ollowlng isia specification.

This IIIVGIltLQII relates to air-compressors,

. fand comprises improvements upon the in flventi'on described in British Letters Patent dated June 24,1899, No. 18,161, and United States Patent No. 676,080, dated June 11,'

In the invention above referred to four compressing cylinders" were equidistantly spaced around andinclosed within a circular ;frame, which frame was provided with annularspaces or passages for the reception of compressed air and for cooling purposes, respectively. The central line of allthe cylinders con'vergedin one plane ona single crankpin, so that the crank end of the four connecting-"ro ds werecut away radially at their ad joining. edges just sufficient to clear each otherin the various angular positions assuined in working. Consequently the bearing-surface of each rod end upon the crank was less than one-fourth of its circun1- ere'nce, all the rods being kept in place by one-or more inclosin'g sockets, caps, or rings. --By this invention the crank-pin is lengthcried, and the connecting-rod ends are cir- 'cumferentially increased Where they bear on i the crank pin by arranging the cylinders with their connecting-rods-axially upon two parallel planes wide enough apart to give the required bearing area to the connecting-rod ends or their brasse's, also inclosed by sockets,

. caps, or rings' The frame containing water Y the cylinders on two and air charnbers is also widened, owing to the staggering or axial displacement of lanes, and in singlestage compressors a pi ot-piston is projected into the air-chamber, and suitable non-return valves are provided.

In the further description'of this invention reference is made to the accompanying drawings, in which i Figure 1 is a section through the frame of a single-stage air-compressor, the opposite cylinders, together with their pilot-pistons,

- I being shown in elevation. The axial lines of 5.5

the two cylinders are arranged on two planes at some distance apart, both planes converging upon an. elongated crank-pin, the cylinders being thus staggered in relation to each other. Fig. 2 is a section through the center of one of the cylinders of Fig. 1, with an end elevation of its connectingrod Fig.

3 is a similar section to Fig. 1, taken through the circular frame of a four-cylindcr twostage air-compressor, but with one of the cylinders and double piston shown in section. Figs. 4 and 5 are respectively a section through and plan of one ofthe air-valves emr ey in the dI8,Wl11gS,'(t'1S an elongated crankp1n,: arranged to receive the end of a connectihg-rod b'from e'ach main piston either directly upon the pin a or upon a bronze bushing a, which encircles the pin. In Fig. 3 the axial line of the two cylinders d and e are on one plane, while the axial line of the other two cylinders f and g are upon another plane, as will be seen by the cutting away of the innermost wall it of the frame on the central line between cylinders and c and to a less degree between the cylinders fg. This relative axial displacement or staggering is further plainly indicated in Fig. 1, the axial line of the cylinder (Z being directed upon the outer endof the crank-pin a, while the axial line of cylinderf converges upon the pin next to the rangement of two, three, or four cylinders,

with their rods, when they converge upon a single'crankpir1, owing to the angular inotion of the rod upon the pin restricting the bearin -suriace of the rod end to' a very small are "0 the pins circumference. Consequently'the wear and liability to break down is much reduced by this invention and a higher rate of speed revolution is also possible. bolted together is made tocentrally inclose the flange extensions of two rod ends I) b with similar rings i at the two ends of the pin a, and an oil thrower or lubricator j is shown as screwed to the outer .end of the crank-pin in Fig. 1. It is to be understood that although the two opposite cylinders 61 and f are shown as axially displaced on two planes or stag ered they'rnay be in line and on the same pl ane with each other without to escape by.

departing from the nature of this invention, provided the other two cylinders e and g are staggered or axiallydisplaced in relation to the first-named pair. In thus arranging cylinders on two planes within the circular chambered frame'formed by the-metal divi- Sion-walls h, k, and l and their connecting- Walls ample space is afforded by the increased area within the frame to form an efficient Water-jacket or cooling-chamber m and an air-receiver chamber 71 The chamber 'm surrounds the working portion of the cylinders, and with a water-supply circulating through it the cylinders are. effectually cooled, thus increasing the efficiency in compressing air.

J The initial supply of'air for compression is. drawn from the central or crank chamber a through ports a. into the cylinders and, if subjected to more than oneistage of compression, fromone cylinder into another. The air as compressed passes from the cylinders through suitable non-return valves, such as are shown in Figs. 4 and 5, placed in the spaces indicated by 0, Figs. 2 and 3, in the known manner, The air is delivered into the air-receiving chamber n under its required pressure, and Within this chamber an open-ended extension p. of each cylinder is projected, having a pilot-piston '1) extending from the main piston and exposed to the airpressure in the chamber n. The air-pressure on the end of the pilot-piston is communicated through the mairipiston q and con necting-rod b to keep the end of the rod tight upon'the crank-pin a or bush 0, thus exerting a constant thrust upon the said parts to take up any lost motion. through Wear and insure quiet and steady running at high speeds. Large and small holes n, shown in the drawrngs as leading outward from the air-receiver chamber n, are intended for pipe connections to convey the compressed air where required. The non-return valve (shownin Figs. 4 and 5) consists of a body-casting of gun-metal 1., turned on the outside with a bandr, bored and faced at the bottom to receive and form a double seating for a lifting-valve s, kept in place by a spiral spring t,' held down under a screwed cap u with air-passages, as shown. Thesevalves' are placed in bored-out spaces 0, as previously mentioned, and as the valve s lifts a double ing witnesses.

passage is provided for the air der, and a pivoted connecting-rod bearinguponsaid crank-pin and adapted to transmit its 'motiontoeach of said pistons, substantially as descrilial l 2. In an air-compressor, the combination of a circular-shapedframe having a coolingchamber m, an air-receiver chamber n, and Walls h, 7c and 'Z; a plurality of combined main and pilot cylinders radially seated in the walls? and k on two planes; a centralrevoluble crank-shaft and elongated, crank-pin, a compound piston'in each of said combined cylinders, a connecting-rodpivoted at one end in each piston, and converging axially upon said crank-pinat the other; and a communicating channel from said chamber a to said pilot-cylinders, whereby the pistons .therein are subject to continuous air-pressure, thus maintaining constant thrust through the connecting-rods upon the crankpin, substantially as and for the purpose described. a

3. In an air-compressor, the combination of a circular-shaped frame having a cooling- 'chamber m, an air-receiver n and Walls 7b, 7c

and Z, with a plurality of combined mainand pilot cylinders radially seated in the walls h and is upon different planes, so that an unsymmetrical 'coolingspace .surrounds the main body of each cylinder, the ends of the pilot-cylinders being exposed to the pressure from the air-chamber, and a cover seated in the wall '1, symmetrically surrounding each pilot-cylinder in the air-chamber n,

substantially as and for the purpose dQ-a scribed.- j I In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscrib WILLIAM REAVELL.

-Witnes'ses; H. J. BROQKWELL', .E. 0. BALHARRY 

